The book was originally designed as a school guide for first-year students in sociology. As well as the large audience of intellectuals who wish to expand their knowledge in the social sciences. However, with the progress of its achievement, it acquired more important dimensions that went beyond being a mere presentation to entering into the depth of specialization without evading its complexities and discussing its theoretical models in an original way. As each contributor to this work presented a problem that opens the discussion on the various points that were raised. The book includes three main parts, including a general first part that includes four sections dealing with the birth of sociology, the major theoretical currents, and three occasional problems that translation was limited to without the section dedicated to methodology.